2009 Vol.13 (7): 1-5,15 [PDF全文]
【文章题目】野生大豆细胞质有益基因转移的遗传研究
【作者】王瑞霞，李玉清，邱丽娟，郑翠明
【关键词】大豆；野生大豆；栽培大豆；细胞质；有益基因；品种改良；RAPD标记
【摘要】利用野生大豆是拓宽栽培大豆遗传基础和提高栽培大豆生产力的重要途径之一。利用野生大豆×栽培大豆种间杂交后代再用栽培大豆进行广义回交，已经培育出具有野生大豆细胞质的高产、高蛋白、抗大豆花叶病毒的新品系，可作为大豆改良的亲本来源。通过对大豆优良品系及其亲本的DNA组成分析，明确了用栽培大豆与种间杂交后代回交应在早代进行，以便更多地保留野生大豆细胞核的遗传基础。比较了4对野生大豆×栽培大豆正反交组合后代的产量性状，明确指出用野生大豆作母本拓宽栽培大豆细胞质遗传基础不仅可行，而且没有难于克服的不利性状，并有利于提高产量。
【基金项目】河北省自然基金资助项目（396377）
【Title】 Genetic Study on Transfer of Desirable Cytogene of Wild Soybean
【Authors】 WANG Rui-xia，LI Yu-qing，QIU Li-juan，ZHENG cui-ming
【Key words】 Soybean；Wild soybean；Cultivated soybean；Cytoplasm；Desirable gene；Cultivation improvement；RAPD marker
【Abstract】 Using wild soybean is one of the important ways to widen the genetic basis and improve the productivity of cultivatedsoybean.The new soybean strains of high yield，high protein content and resistance to soybean mosaic virus with the cytoplasm of wild soybean have been bred by obtaining the hybrid progeny from wild soybean×cultivated soybean，then backcrossing between the interspecific hybrid progeny and cultivated soybean，which may be used as the parents to improve soybean.By analyzing the DNA of excellent soybean strains and their parents，it is made clear that backcross should be carried out in early generation so as to retain more genetic basis of wild soybean.The yield traits of fourhybridized and reverse hybridized combinations of wild soybean×cultivated soybean are comparedUsing wild soybean as female parent to widen the genetic basis is not only feasible，but also has no undesired characters，and is benefit to increase the yield component.